Pope
Pope Alexander III
Pope from 1159 to 1181
Pope Alexander III, who reigned as Roman Pontiff from 1159–1181.
Background
Pope Alexander III prevailed in a long struggle with Emperor Frederick Barbarossa and convened the Third Lateran Council (1179), which decreed that a two-thirds majority of the cardinals is required to elect a pope — the basis of conclave law ever since.
Summary
Pope Alexander III, who reigned as Roman Pontiff from 1159–1181.
Papacy began
1159
Papacy ended
1181
Birth name
Rolando Bandinelli